Rivers and canals may look peaceful, but they present some of the most serious water dangers.

Be aware of these hidden dangers:

• deep pools
• hidden rocks
• strong currents

Many people who drown in inland water never intended to enter the water. Staying back from unstable edges and sticking to proper pathways is essential, as riverbanks can give way unexpectedly, especially after poor weather.

Even strong swimmers are at risk. Open water can conceal hidden hazards, fast‑moving currents beneath the surface and debris that can trap or injure. Cold water shock, an immediate physiological response that can overwhelm breathing and movement, can strike even on warm days. This means that being a competent swimmer in a swimming pool does not guarantee safety outdoors.

Emergencies at rivers often happen suddenly and in ordinary moments, such as walking home after a night out. Alcohol is a major contributor to accidental drownings, impairing balance, awareness and decision‑making. That's why it’s vital to look out for friends, steer them away from water and avoid walking routes close to the river when drinking.

If you or someone else ends up in the water unexpectedly, knowing Float to Live can save a life:

• tilt your head back and submerge your ears - this helps keep your airway clear and supports flotation
• relax and control your breathing - cold water shock can cause an involuntary gasp reflex and rapid breathing. Staying calm helps you regain control
• move your hands and legs gently to help you stay afloat - small movements can improve stability and buoyancy
• don't worry if your legs sink - everyone floats differently. A more upright position can still be effective
• practice floating in a safe, supervised location - familiarity with the technique builds confidence and increases the likelihood of using it successfully in an emergency

If someone else is in trouble, do not enter the water and instead follow the ‘call, tell, throw’ principle - call 999, tell them to float and throw something that can help them stay afloat.

Find out about new warning signs at waterfalls to help improve visitor safety and prevent future tragedies.