Whilst many of us like to enjoy the sunshine and hot weather, we should make sure we do it safely and remember that certain groups of people are more vulnerable than others to heat.
Hot weather places a strain on the heart and lungs, and so for that reason, the majority of serious illnesses and deaths caused by heat are respiratory or cardiovascular. Older people, those with pre-existing health conditions and young children are particularly at risk.
The main risks posed by a heat wave are:
- dehydration (not having enough water)
- overheating, which can make symptoms worse for people who already have problems with their heart or breathing
- heat exhaustion and heatstroke
If you are likely to be at particular risk, or care for people who could be at risk during a heat wave, it is important that you plan ahead. Taking action in advance can help reduce the problems caused by this type of weather.
The government website warns about a heat wave when temperatures are likely to be very high for several days in a row. Sometimes, heat waves are accompanied by high humidity.
Those particularly at risk during a heat wave
A heat wave can affect anyone, but the most vulnerable people are:
- older people, especially those over 75
- babies and young children
- people with a serious chronic condition, especially heart or breathing problems
- people with mobility problems - for example, people with Parkinson's disease or who have had a stroke
- people with serious mental health problems who might find it difficult to look after themselves
- people on certain medications, including those that affect sweating and temperature control
- people who misuse alcohol or drugs
- people who are physically active - for example, manual workers or those doing sports
Check you know the symptoms of heat exhaustion and heatstroke on the NHS website.
Remember, heatstroke can kill. It can develop very suddenly, and rapidly lead to unconsciousness. If you suspect someone has heatstroke, call 999 immediately.
Tips for hot weather
- look out for those who may struggle to keep themselves cool and hydrated – older people, those with underlying health conditions and those who live alone are particularly at risk
- stay cool indoors – many of us will need to stay safe at home this summer so know how to keep your home cool. Read the keep cool at home checklist on the government website
- close curtains on rooms that face the sun to keep indoor spaces cooler and remember it may be cooler outdoors than indoors
- drink plenty of fluids and avoid excess alcohol
- never leave anyone in a closed, parked vehicle, especially infants, young children or animals
- try to keep out of the sun between 11am to 3pm
- walk in the shade, apply sunscreen regularly and wear a wide brimmed hat, if you have to go out in the heat
- avoid exercising in the hottest parts of the day
- make sure you take water with you, if you are travelling
- if you are going into open water to cool down, take care and follow safety advice
Read more about staying safe in hot weather on the government website or view the beat the heat document.
Sign up for heat health alerts
The alerting system provides an early warning when extreme temperatures are likely to impact on the health and wellbeing of the population.
Visit the weather health alerting system on the government website for details.
Information for professionals
Information and guidance to help understand the risks of heat and consider actions to protect people's health is available on the government website.